Samhain, Hop-tu-Naa, Calan Gaeaf, Allantide, Day of the Dead, Reformation Day, All Saints' Day, Mischief Night ( cf. vigil) a b Colavito, Jason. Knowing Fear: Science, Knowledge and the Development of the Horror Genre. McFarland, 2007. pp.151–152 American historian and author Ruth Edna Kelley of Massachusetts wrote the first book-length history of Halloween in the US; The Book of Hallowe'en (1919), and references souling in the chapter "Hallowe'en in America". [177] In her book, Kelley touches on customs that arrived from across the Atlantic; "Americans have fostered them, and are making this an occasion something like what it must have been in its best days overseas. All Halloween customs in the United States are borrowed directly or adapted from those of other countries". [178]

Encyclopaedia Londinensis, or, Universal dictionary of arts, sciences, and literature, Volume 21 (John Wilkes), R. G. Gunnell and Co., p. 544 Allen, Travis (2011). "Christians and Halloween". Church Publishing, Inc. Archived from the original on 28 October 2011 . Retrieved 31 October 2011. Other Christians will opt for Halloween alternatives called 'Harvest Festivals', 'Hallelujah Night' or 'Reformation Festivals' – the kids dress up as farmers, Bible characters, or Reformation heroes.All Faithful Departed, Commemoration of". Archived from the original on 1 November 2022 . Retrieved 1 November 2022. Infeld, Joanna (1 December 2008). In-Formation. D & J Holdings LLC. p.150. ISBN 978-0-9760512-4-4 . Retrieved 1 November 2012. My folks are Polish and they celebrate Halloween in a different way. It is time to remember your dead and visit the cemetery and graves of your loved ones.

a b c "DOST: Hallow Evin". Dsl.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 29 April 2014 . Retrieved 13 October 2013. Prince Sorie Conteh (2009). Traditionalists, Muslims, and Christians in Africa: Interreligious Encounters and Dialogue. Cambria Press. ISBN 978-1-60497-596-3. Archived from the original on 31 October 2017 . Retrieved 31 October 2011. a b Kernan, Joe (30 October 2013). "Not so spooky after all: The roots of Halloween are tamer than you think". Cranston Herald. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015 . Retrieved 31 October 2015. By the early 20th century, Halloween, like Christmas, was commercialized. Pre-made costumes, decorations and special candy all became available. The Christian origins of the holiday were downplayed. Read more: Was The Killing Eve Season 2 Premiere An Exercise In Thematic Style From Jodie & Sandra? Ott, Cindy. Pumpkin: The Curious History of an American Icon. University of Washington Press, 2012. p. 42

Cindy Crawford and Rande Gerber, 2018

Mader, Isabel (30 September 2014). "Halloween Colcannon". Simmer Magazine. Archived from the original on 5 October 2014 . Retrieved 3 October 2014. All Hallow's Eve was a Western (Anglo) Christian holiday that revolved around commemorating the dead using humor to intimidate death itself. Like all holidays, All Hallow's Eve involved traditional treats. The church encouraged an abstinence from meat, which created many vegetarian dishes. Thomas Crawford Burns: a study of the poems and songs Crawford, Thomas (1960). Burns: A Study of the Poems and Songs. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-0055-9. Archived from the original on 23 April 2016 . Retrieved 27 November 2018. {{ cite book}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( link) Stanford University Press, 1960