Manfred Steger distinguishes among different globalisms such as justice globalism, jihad globalism, and market globalism. [11] Market globalism includes the ideology of neoliberalism. In some hands, the reduction of globalism to the single ideology of market globalism and neoliberalism has led to confusion. In his 2005 book The Collapse of Globalism and the Reinvention of the World, Canadian philosopher John Ralston Saul treated globalism as coterminous with neoliberalism and neoliberal globalization. He argued that, far from being an inevitable force, globalization is already breaking up into contradictory pieces and that citizens are reasserting their national interests in both positive and destructive ways. [12] James, Paul; Steger, Manfred B. (2010). Globalization and Culture, Volume IV: Ideologies of Globalism. London: Sage Publications. Political scientists Joseph Nye and Robert Keohane, major thinkers of liberal institutionalism as a new international relations theory, generalized the term to argue that globalism refers to any description and explanation of a world which is characterized by networks of connections that span multi-continental distances, while globalization refers to the increase or decline in the degree of globalism. [1] The term is used in a specific and narrow way to describe a position in the debate about the historical character of globalization, such as whether globalization is unprecedented or not. For example, this use of the term originated in, and continues to be used, in academic debates about the economic, social, and cultural developments that is described as globalization. [13] A characteristic example here is provided by Geopolitics that was born with such a status that was rather close to global, and that becomes more and more global every year (see Abylgaziev, Ilyin, and Kefeli 2010). Gabdullin, R. R., Ilyin, I. V., and Ivanov, A. V. 2011 . Introduction into Paleoglobalistics. Moscow: Moscow University Press. In Russian.

Ilyin, I. V., and Ursul, A. D. 2009. Evolutionary Globalistics (The Concept of Evolution of Global Processes). Moscow: Moscow State University . In Russian. Note that Globalistics as an integral academic discipline (with its own name and research agenda) emerged in Russia/the USSR earlier than in any other country of the world. As an example we can mention the implementation of global ecological and geoecological knowledge into the academic process, which is an element of a general educational conception: at FGS MSU a series of related courses is realized with the aim of ‘ecologization’ of the future graduate's scientific worldview. The most efficient model of such a set of courses is the following sequence: general ecology – global natural processes – global ecology (Ilyin and Ivanov 2009).

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Modern globalism has been linked to the ideas of economic and political integration of countries and economies. The first person in the United States to use the term "economic integration" in its modern sense, such as combining separate economies into larger economic regions, was John S. de Beers, an economist in the United States Department of the Treasury, towards the end of 1941. [24] By 1948, economic integration was appearing in an increasing number of American documents and speeches. [25] Paul G. Hoffman, then head of the Economic Cooperation Administration, used the term in a 1949 speech to the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation. [25] The New York Times summarized it thus:

Globalization is one of the most popular subjects of contemporary academic research. Globalization process itself is changing very fast, whereas the comprehension of this process speeds it up and makes it irreversible. Note that globalization studies have increased public interest in Global Studies that were rather popular in the 1960s and 1970s, but then this interest weakened for a while. It is quite clear that globalization can be treated as the most important global process, whereas the total number of global processes (natural and social, contemporary and historical) that find themselves in focus of scientific research is constantly growing. It becomes more and more clear that even in quite different global processes one may find a significant number of common systemic properties that make our comprehension of the global evolution more profound. It is not coincidental that Globalistics (this notion will be spelled out further below) pays a special attention to the comparison between natural and social global processes. This explains why the content of the notion of globalization expands. It is not just limited to the most popular spheres of economic and political globalization, but also includes the study of various global problems such as climatic change, cultural globalization, and so on. Machlup, Fritz (1977). A History of Thought on Economic Integration. New York, NY: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-04298-7. As regards a wide range of factors, which nowadays determine the conditions and development of international relations, the research carried out by the Faculty can be characterized by an interdisciplinary approach and integration of education, training, research, and practice. At the same time, the research contributes to the development and improvement of the teaching process, introduction of innovative scientific achievements into the training courses, students' involvement into practical scientific work. The following issues are studied at the Faculty: Ashcroft, B. (2013). Post-Colonial Transformation. Taylor & Francis. p.211. ISBN 978-1-134-55695-3 . Retrieved 2023-01-20. Globalistics is a young scientific field at its early stages of establishment as an interdisciplinary course and the issues of staffing and educational basis are of crucial importance. How should globalistic research be developed? How can the results of this research be incorporated into the teaching process so that the university graduates obtain a wide range of knowledge, world outlook and competence to analyze and solve the on-going processes and problems at the global scale?First of all, today it is possible to speak about three main subjects of Globalistics, namely global systems, processes and problems. They are interconnected and each concept should single out its own peculiar globality criteria. Global problems are becoming more acute while Globalistics is presented today in three images, namely as an interdisciplinary scientific field, as the basis of modern persons' new outlook and as a social movement. In this respect, contemporary Globalistics becomes more and more similar to various academic disciplines and approaches such as Ecology, Complexity Studies, or Evolutionism. This specific character has both positive and negative effects, namely, together with a rapid constructive development of Globalistics as a scientific field one also observes vulgarization of terminology, and attempts to turn science into fashion, pseudoscientific and antiscientific trends.

Ilyin, I. V., and Ivanov, A. V. 2009. Introduction to Global Ecology. Moscow: Moscow University Press. In Russian. Second, there should be a wide involvement of interdisciplinary trends, namely Complexity Studies (Aleshkovski et al. 2010) and Universal (Global) Evolutionism. Meanwhile, one should not reduce global crisis to figures and statistics, as this is also a humanitarian crisis that reveals a larger problem of absence of a single synthetic global conception. The creation and development of this conception can be considered as the key strategic task for the academic community and it is a priority for the Faculty of Global Studies at Moscow State University.

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Steger, Manfred B. (2008). The Rise of the Global Imaginary: Political Ideologies from the French Revolution to the Global War on Terror. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199286935.

Goodkind, Nicole (1 August 2018). "Donald Trump keeps calling adversaries 'globalists,' despite warnings it's anti-Semitic". Newsweek . Retrieved 2018-11-25. Third, there should be a wide use of modern scientific achievements: system theory, global evolutionism (Ilyin and Ursul 2009), the conception of noosphere structures (Khudyakov 1993), anatomy of crises, catastrophe theory (Arnold 2004), conceptions of coevolution of geospheres (Ivanov 2004), global-geopolitical views (Abylgaziev et al. 2010), study of global cities and others. Definitely, it is necessary to implement achievements in new directions of Globalistics – Paleoglobalistics (Gabdullin et al. 2010), Evolutionary Globalistics (Ilyin and Ursul 2009), Futuro-Globalistics and others. Nye, Joseph (15 April 2002). "Globalism Versus Globalization". The Globalist . Retrieved 27 October 2014.Aleshkovski, I. A., Ivanov, A. V., Ilyin, I. V., Koronovskiy, A. A. et al. 2010. Modeling the Nonlinear Dynamics of Global Processes. Moscow: Moscow University Press. In Russian. Mazour, I. I., and Chumakov, A. N. 2006. (Eds.). Globalistics: International Cross-Disciplinary Dictionary. Moscow: Elima; Piter. In Russian.