And while rum is often associated with sunnier climates (such as the Caribbean), and tequila coming strictly from Mexico, vodka is a much more global spirit. We tested bottles from here in the UK and across Europe, with our winning bottle surprisingly coming from South Africa. How we test vodka Vodka boycott in U.S. spreads on concerns over gay rights in Russia". Reuters. 1 August 2013 . Retrieved 26 February 2022. A type of distilled liquor designated by the Russian word vodka came to Russia in the late 14th century. In 1386, the Genoese ambassadors brought the first aqua vitae ("the water of life") to Moscow and presented it to Grand Duke Dmitry Donskoy. The liquid obtained by distillation of grape must was thought to be a concentrate and a "spirit" of wine ( spiritus vini in Latin), whence came to the name of this substance in many European languages (like English spirit, or Russian спирт, spirt). though no less likely to intoxicate) because of its low level of fusel oils and congeners, which are impurities that flavor spirits. [44] Is There Really A Difference Between Expensive Vodka And Cheap Vodka?". NPR.org . Retrieved 19 March 2018.

a b "The Production of Vodka". Archived from the original on 22 January 2008 . Retrieved 20 January 2007. Main article: Flavored liquor A vodka distillery in Bialystok, Poland, where the bison grass vodka " Żubrówka" is produced Finnish-grown six-row barley and glacial spring water, Finlandia VodkaErmochkine, Nicholas, and Iglikowski, Peter (2003). 40 degrees east: an anatomy of vodka, Nova Publishers, p. 217, ISBN 1-59033-594-5.

Eke, Steven (29 November 2006). " 'People's vodka' urged for Russia". BBC News . Retrieved 22 November 2008. In these early days, the spirits were used mostly as medicines. Stefan Falimierz asserted in his 1534 works on herbs that vodka could serve "to increase fertility and awaken lust". Wodka lub gorzałka (1614), by Jerzy Potański, contains valuable information on the production of vodka. Jakub Kazimierz Haur, in his book Skład albo skarbiec znakomitych sekretów ekonomii ziemiańskiej ( A Treasury of Excellent Secrets about Landed Gentry's Economy, Kraków, 1693), gave detailed recipes for making vodka from rye. Price, Pamela Vandyke (1980). The Penguin Book of Spirits and Liqueurs. Penguin Books. pp.196 ff. ISBN 0-14-046335-6. United States Code of Federal Regulations Title 27, Section 5.22(a)(1)". United States Government Printing Office. Archived from the original on 23 November 2011 . Retrieved 31 May 2011. a b Schrad, Mark Lawrence (5 May 2023). "Russia Has a Vodka Addiction. So Does Vladimir Putin – But Not the Same Way". POLITICO . Retrieved 7 May 2023.

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av vissa bestämmelser i alkohollagen samt av bestämmelserna om försäljning av teknisk sprit m.m. Kommittédirektiv 1998:19 - Riksdagen". www.riksdagen.se. Vodka is less likely than other spirits to produce the undesirable after-effects of heavy consumption

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Nasaw, Daniel (7 June 2012). "Why are there so many brands of vodka on sale?". BBC News . Retrieved 14 July 2012. History The " vodka belt" countries of Northern, Central, and Eastern Europe are the historic home of vodka. These countries have the highest vodka consumption in the world. a b The Art of Distilling, Revised and Expanded: An Enthusiast's Guide to the Artisan Distilling of Whiskey, Vodka, Gin and other Potent Potables. Quarry Books. January 2019. ISBN 9781631595554. At the time, the word wódka referred to chemical compounds such as medicines and cosmetics' cleansers. People in the area of vodka's probable origin have names for vodka with roots meaning "to burn": Polish: gorzała; Ukrainian: горілка, romanized: horílka; Belarusian: гарэлка, romanized: harelka; Lithuanian: degtinė; Samogitian: degtėnė is also in use, colloquially and in proverbs; [14] Latvian: degvīns; Finnish: paloviina. In Russian during the 17th and 18th centuries, горящѣе вино or горячее вино ( goryashchee vino, "burning wine" or "hot wine") was widely used. Others languages include the German Branntwein, Danish brændevin, Dutch: brandewijn, Swedish: brännvin, and Norwegian: brennevin (although the latter terms refer to any strong alcoholic beverage).