Components of moisturisers include emollients, occlusives, and humectants. Moisturisers may also contain other ingredients such as surfactants ( cleansers), fragrances, and preservatives. Specially formulated products may also report antimicrobial, anti-itch, and anti- inflammatory actions. Emollients

Cetomacrogol cream | Healthify

Emollients are often used to help manage dry, itchy or scaly skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis and ichthyosis. The worsening crisis of MDR bacterial infections has heightened the interest in bacteriophage (phage) therapy. Phage therapy utilizes virulent (lytic) phages, which obligately kill their bacterial host whilst self-replicating during the lytic cycle of infection. Although there has been one report using genome engineering of lysogenic phages [ 5], until recently only lytic phages have been prioritised for therapy and explored for the treatment of wound infections. Advances in techniques used to engineer phages for therapy are reviewed elsewhere [ 6]. Phage therapy has regained attention due to its ability to kill bacteria regardless of their antibiotic-resistance profile [ 7]. The first report of phage therapy for surgical and wound infection was during the Finnish Campaign in 1939–1940. The soldiers were treated with a mix of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus phages prepared at the Eliava Institute of Bacteriophages, Microbiology and Virology in Tbilisi, Georgia. Phage therapy saved the lives of 83% of infected soldiers, compared with 58% using other treatment options [ 8]. Similarly, another report showed 81% survival in phage-treated soldiers and 46% survival in those on other medications [ 9]. Furthermore, mobile sanitary brigades were in operation to provide prophylactic treatment of wounds, which reduced the number of gas gangrene by 30% in three independent brigades [ 9]. Despite such an excellent treatment outcome, the use of phages was soon discontinued in the Western counties with the discovery of a broad-spectrum antibiotic, penicillin [ 10]. Fortunately, phages therapy was continuously practiced and improved in the Eastern European countries, particularly in Russia, Poland and Georgia. Over the past decade, phage therapy has regained traction in response to emergence of MDR bacteria. Now, there are a growing number of studies indicating that phage therapy could be a promising prospect for treating acute and chronic wound infections caused by MDR bacteria. It's a good idea to protect babies' hands and cheeks with an emollient before mealtimes to stop them getting sore from food and drink.

Factors determining phage stability/activity: challenges in practical phage application. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther Surfactants have a hydrophilic region and a lipophilic region in their chemical structure. They stabilise the dispersion of two immiscible liquids by adsorbing at the interface between the two phases and reducing the interfacial tension between them. The continuous phase will be the phase in which the fine droplets are suspended and the surfactant has the greater solubility. 7 Surfactants can be grouped according to the nature of the hydrophilic region, as follows 1 ,7: Moisturisers are products used to add moisture to the skin. Emollients are products used to soften and smooth skin (eg, lanolin, glycerol stearate). Although the terms emollient and moisturiser are often used synonymously, emollients can also be described as a specific ingredient of moisturisers.

Crotamiton | Drugs | BNF | NICE

Oily creams are emollients that are used as local protectives (e.g.calamine, zinc oxide) and when oil-soluble medicaments (e.g.camphor, menthol, methyl salicylate) are to be incorporated. They are not suitable bases for water-soluble ingredients. I am a 70 year old male and have been using cetomacrogol in conjunction with Locoid for the care of eczema on and off for the past 5 years. I apply the moisturiser let it dry and than the locoid (I ONLY USE THE LOCOID IF THE SKIN HAS BROKEN) It's especially important to regularly apply an emollient to your hands and face, as they're exposed to the elements more than any other part of your body. mg/mL reference solutions of cetostearyl alcohol, cetomacrogol 1000, liquid paraffin, and white petrolatum were prepared in CH 2Cl 2. A 0.5 mg/mL reference solution of sorbic acid was prepared in acetone. Contributors JF, JK, MH, MW and RB contributed to study concept and design. IB, AH, JR, AC, CH, DS, CT and BM contributed to acquisition of the data. RB, IB and MW drafted the manuscript. All the authors contributed to critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content and also to administrative, technical and material support. MW contributed to statistical analysis. IB is the guarantor.

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Leverentz B, Conway WS, Janisiewicz W, Camp MJ. Optimizing concentration and timing of a phage spray application to reduce Listeria monocytogenes on honeydew melon tissue. J Food Prot Park EK, Song KW. Rheological evaluation of petroleum jelly as a base material in ointment and cream formulations: steady shear flow behavior. Arch Pharm Res. 2010;33(1):141–50. Method: Melt the cetomacrogol emulsifying wax and white soft paraffin in the liquid paraffin. Add the chlorocresol to a warmed 200mL container, then add approximately 45mL of just-boiled purified water (>80°C), close the container and shake to dissolve. Add the glycerol to the aqueous phase, then mix both phases and stir until a semi-solid cream forms. Make up to 100g with warm purified water and mix thoroughly. Stir until cool. My 2month old was prescribed Epizone E for her dry skin. It works like a charm. I use Epizone A to bath her with then apply Epizone E after baths. It has no parabens, fragrance or colourants which is great. I also use it as a daily moisturizer Strength: Contains 4% w/w of calamine and 3% w/w of zinc oxide in a suitable oil-in-water emulsified base (limits 4.2 to 5.2% w/w of zinc, Zn). 2