His solutions are tangible action plans for leaders, companies and countries to transform the value of the market back into the value of humanity. Under ‘fairness and responsibility’, he notes that these are central to the market and that there cannot be one rule for the elites and another for the rest of us.

It took me nearly two months to make my way through this one which, if you know me at all, you will recognize as very out of character. His seven key values are: solidarity, fairness, responsibility, resilience, sustainability, dynamism and humility – all laced with compassion.Read as one of the great global thinkers of our time examines how what we value has become misaligned and how we can rethink and rebuild before it is too late. Most fundamentally, when faced with catastrophe, governments and citizens drew on their core values and made decisions based on human compassion and not financial optimisation. As long as everyone believes there will always be a Bank of England, and that it is run by enormously careful and skilled technocrats, the pound, and the economy, are safe. To the extent that they are used for transactions rather than speculation, many cryptocurrencies seem more attractive to those active in the black or illegal economy. He obtained a bachelor degree in Economics from Harvard and masters and doctorate degrees in Economics from Oxford.

But his own wisdom seems to be limited to breaking down every topic to its smallest units, then measuring, recording and reporting them up the chain, so that they might provide value to those who might actually have a plan of action.He draws out some important insights on what this reveals about societies values, such as: "When citizens stay at home after a government institutes a lock- down or wear a mask after a regulation requiring one is issued, these actions can be viewed as part of the Hobbesian bargain: obedience in exchange for protection. While the chapters were broken into more easily manageable subsections there could have been more work done to limit the repetition throughout the book.

However, Carney does more than Polonius as there is an overarching point to the unimaginative and relentless soliloquizing: monetary and ethical values are misaligned, leading to issues such as global warming, which do not carry an immediate economic imperative, being sidelined. This is because CBDCs are backed by a central bank and are thus less volatile and more reliable than crypto currencies such as Bitcoin which are not backed by anyone and stable coins, which though backed by various real resources are not fully regulated and supported. He represents a global elite of power, and it is an iron law that power begets opposition to that power. Compliance is a contribution to society's success, the reciprocal obligations in the social contract rather than a response to Hobbesian state coercion.He keeps to that theme pretty much throughout, but it becomes endlessly repetitive once you understand how he thinks. In fact, I jotted down some interesting books and articles that are referenced in the endnotes section for my own interest. Rather, it means taking full advantage of new technologies to create a more flexible economy that makes more regular, smoother adjustments, instead of building large imbalances and vulnerabilities that are then brutally resolved.

It was almost as if the author decided near the end of the book's editing process that he wanted to connect the book a little more to his home and native land, so he arbitrarily chose that chapter in particular to park some Canadian references in.Banks that had lost sight of their purpose (to serve households and businesses) and which had become too big to fail resulted in the meltdown that we all remember so well. By setting out clear strategies, politicians can provide forward guidance on the policies they plan to put in place. He suggests that there are three technologies that can help solve the climate crisis: engineering technologies, political technologies, and financial technologies. Increasingly, the value of an act, object, even person, is equated to its monetary value as determined by the market.