Soon after the code words were developed by ICAO (see history below), they were adopted by other national and international organizations, including the ITU, the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the United States Federal Government as Federal Standard 1037C: Glossary of Telecommunications Terms [6] and its successors ANSI T1.523-2001 [7] and ATIS Telecom Glossary (ATIS-0100523.2019) [8] (all three using the spellings "Alpha" and "Juliet"), the United States Department of Defense, [9] the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) (using the spelling "Xray"), the International Amateur Radio Union (IARU), the American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials-International (APCO), and by many military organizations such as NATO (using the spelling "Xray") and the now-defunct Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO). In a Chronicle of Higher Education blog, Geoffrey Pullum argued that apostrophe is the 27th letter of the alphabet, arguing that it does not function as a form of punctuation. [7] Hyphen [ edit ]

Gather random objects or pictures around the house and go through each one to have your child determine the beginning letter sound. It distinguishes (from the otherwise identical regular plural inflection -s) the English possessive morpheme 's (apostrophe alone after a regular plural affix, giving -s' as the standard mark for plural + possessive). Practice settled in the 18th century; before then, practices varied but typically all three endings were written -s (but without cumulation). This meant that only regular nouns bearing neither could be confidently identified, and plural and possessive could be potentially confused (e.g., "the Apostles words" ; "those things over there are my husbands" [6])—which undermines the logic of " marked" forms.

All the numbers from 1 to 9 have their pulse and special effects. When one takes birth on some particular date, that person brings his destiny with that particular date. It creates a rough picture of the personality one would carry throughout his life. Your name also contributes to the picture formation as these two things go parallel to each other. They can be called Siamese twins. Every letter has got certain weightage in the series from 1 to 9 as per Alphabet Numerology. All one needs to do is to work out their alphabet numerology value from the chart that gives a specific value to each letter. a b c d L.J. Rose, "Aviation's ABC: The development of the ICAO spelling alphabet", ICAO Bulletin 11/2 (1956) 12–14. As children begin to learn and recognise the letters, have them think of new words that begin with these same letters. They could even begin learning to write these letters as well. Recite alphabets: Ask kids to recite the alphabet loudly using ABC charts. This will help children to memorize the letters and retain them in their memory for a long time. Also, make sure that you do this regularly so that kids get fully acquainted with alphabets. North Atlantic Military Committee SGM-217-55 memorandum" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 November 2017.

MHRA Style Guide: A Handbook for Authors and Editors (pdf) (3rded.), London: Modern Humanities Research Association, 2013, Section 2.2, ISBN 978-1-78188-009-8 , retrieved 2019-06-17. It is known that [the spelling alphabet] has been prepared only after the most exhaustive tests on a scientific basis by several nations. One of the firmest conclusions reached was that it was not practical to make an isolated change to clear confusion between one pair of letters. To change one word involves reconsideration of the whole alphabet to ensure that the change proposed to clear one confusion does not itself introduce others. [5] International adoption [ edit ] The first non-military internationally recognized spelling alphabet was adopted by the CCIR (predecessor of the ITU) during 1927. The experience gained with that alphabet resulted in several changes being made during 1932 by the ITU. The resulting alphabet was adopted by the International Commission for Air Navigation, the predecessor of the ICAO, and was used for civil aviation until World War II. [13] It continued to be used by the IMO until 1965. The chart with the numerology letters would somewhat look like this when put down specifically with numbers in a single vertical form:

The ITU adopted the IMO phonetic spelling alphabet in 1959, [50] and in 1969 specified that it be "for application in the maritime mobile service only". [51] There is no authoritative IPA transcription of the digits. However, there are respellings into both English and French, which can be compared to clarify some of the ambiguities and inconsistencies. Apple Worksheets Preschool help kids practice a variety of math and literacy skills with this September theme

The following are not individual letters, but rather different contextual variants of some of the Arabic letters. Military phonetic alphabet by US Army". Army.com. 14 March 2014. Archived from the original on 2 August 2014 . Retrieved 11 August 2014. ATIS Telecom Glossary (ATIS-0100523.2019)". Washington, DC: Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions. 2019. Archived from the original on 11 November 2020 . Retrieved 11 November 2020. Since 'Nectar' was changed to 'November' in 1956, the code has been mostly stable. However, there is occasional regional substitution of a few code words, such as replacing them with earlier variants, because of local taboos or confusing them with local terminology. [ citation needed] After World War II, with many aircraft and ground personnel from the allied armed forces, "Able Baker" was officially adopted for use in international aviation. During the 1946 Second Session of the ICAO Communications Division, the organization adopted the so-called "Able Baker" alphabet [12] that was the 1943 US–UK spelling alphabet. However, many sounds were unique to English, so an alternative "Ana Brazil" alphabet was used in Latin America. In spite of this, International Air Transport Association (IATA), recognizing the need for a single universal alphabet, presented a draft alphabet to the ICAO during 1947 that had sounds common to English, French, Spanish and Portuguese.

Braille Punctuation

Oktoeight - generic Romance octo-, from Latin octō + NATO/ICAO eight (1959 ITU proposals octo and ait) To create the code, a series of international agencies assigned 26code words acrophonically to the letters of the Roman alphabet, with the intention of the letters and numbers being easily distinguishable from one another over radio and telephone, regardless of language barriers and connection quality. The specific code words varied, as some seemingly distinct words were found to be ineffective in real-life conditions. In 1956, NATO modified the then-current set of code words used by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO); this modification then became the international standard when it was accepted by ICAO that year and by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) a few years later. [1] The words were chosen to be accessible to speakers of English, French and Spanish. not counted as a letter in the alphabet but plays an important role in Arabic grammar and lexicon, including indication [denotes verbs] and spelling). It is used at the end of words with the sound of /aː/ in Modern Standard Arabic that are not categorized in the use of tāʼ marbūṭah (ة) [mainly some verbs tenses and Arabic masculine names]. Some typefaces used to typeset English texts contain commonly used ligatures, such as for ⟨tt⟩, ⟨fi⟩, ⟨fl⟩, ⟨ffi⟩, and ⟨ffl⟩. These are not independent letters–although in traditional typesetting, each of these ligatures would have its own sort (type element) for practical reasons– but simply type design choices created to optimise the legibility of the text. International Code of Signals for Visual, Sound, and Radio Communications, United States Edition, 1969 (revised 2003) [43]