be in any way knowingly concerned in carrying, removing, depositing, harbouring, keeping or concealing or in any manner dealing with any such goods;

Public Order Offences incorporating the Charging Standard Public Order Offences incorporating the Charging Standard

Where the Firearms Officer is able to identify the weapon, component part or ammunition they should do so and indicate which offence(s) appear to have been committed. where apparently complex or remote test firing procedures are used, it is clear why the procedure was used and whether the weapon could have been fired in a conventional manner; There should be no assumption as to what a "typical" victim might look like or behave like when assessing the evidence as to "substantial adverse effect". Victims may respond to abuse in several ways including consuming drugs or alcohol, and/or by showing signs of humiliation, detachment, anger, and retaliation. Victims may also interpret abuse very differently including expressing feelings of guilt; this might depend on their social or cultural context. Victims can be resilient in some respects: it is important not to compare them to other victims but to consider how their day-to-day life has been affected. Refer to the Domestic Abuse prosecution guidance for further advice on self-defence and issues relevant to particular groups. Gathering Evidence and Case BuildingSentencing for the importation of firearms is dependent upon the type of firearm: the maximum sentence is 7 years unless the firearm is of a kind mentioned in section 5(1)(a), (ab), (aba), (ac), (ad), (ae), (af) or (c) or (1A)(a) of the Firearms Act 1968 in which case the maximum is life imprisonment (section 170(4A) of CEMA), and even outside of these cases the type of firearm will be relevant to sentence. Prosecutors should therefore aver in the indictment or charge the type of firearm that has been imported. (See below, under ‘Note on Disguised Weapons’, for the approach in relation to disguised stun guns.) Charging Guidance Evidence Section 2A (3) PHA 1997 sets out examples of acts or omissions which are ones associated with stalking. The listed behaviours are:

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Section 16A: it is an offence for a person to have possession of a firearm or imitation firearm with intent by means thereof to cause a person to believe that unlawful violence will be used against them or another, or with intent to enable another person by means thereof to do the same; Section 16 makes it an offence to possess a firearm "with intent to enable another person to endanger life". This requires proof that the possessor intends life to be endangered, although it is sufficient if the intent is that the firearm or ammunition should be used in a manner which endangers life as and when the occasion requires. In R v Jones (IF) [1997] 1 Cr. App. R. 46, it was held that enabling the other person meant more than giving that other the opportunity to endanger life, should they wish to. The offence is not made out simply because the possessor intended to supply the firearms or ammunition to persons who happened to be criminals. However, prosecutors should look at all of the surrounding circumstances of the case to see if there is sufficient evidence that would enable a jury to infer that the possessor knew that the ultimate recipient, whoever that might be, would use the firearms or ammunition in a manner that would endanger life. Factors that might be sufficient include: the nature of the firearm and ammunition in question, the circumstances in which they came to be in possession of the items, the circumstances in which they are found and whether there is evidence to suggest that they are part of a larger criminal enterprise: see R v Clarke and Opoku [2010] EWCA 12. A statement from a Firearms Officer will usually be sufficient for air weapons and straightforward shotgun offences. However, where the Firearms Officer suspects that the air weapon is "specially dangerous" and is therefore a firearm for the purposes of the Act, the air weapon should be submitted to a Forensic Service Provider (FSP) for the issue to be resolved. Further, where an air weapon is used in such circumstances that suggest its muzzle energy exceeds 1 Joule ( section 57(1B) Firearms Act 1968), consideration should be given to proceeding upon the basis that it is a firearm, and it should be submitted for forensic testing to confirm the muzzle energy. For guidance on the application of “exceptional circumstances” (under the pre-Sentencing Act 2020 law), see R v Jordan, Alleyne and Redfern [2004] EWCA Crim 3291 and R v Rehman [2006] 1 Cr. App. R. (S.) 77. Any relevant provisions under sections 283 and 311 of the Sentencing Act 2020 can apply (see below, under ‘Sentencing’).Readily convertible" means "it can be so converted without any special skill on the part of the person converting it and the work involved in converting it does not require equipment or tools other than such as are in common use by persons carrying out works of construction and maintenance in their own homes" ( Section 1(6) Firearms Act 1982). where that person does so with intent to evade any such prohibition or restriction with respect to those goods.