In response to the new bill, British American Tobacco (BAT) threatened to withdraw its operations from Chile. 51 52 Despite passing the law in the Senate, as of February 2020 the law had yet to be implemented. 53 Although the bill stalled, BAT went ahead with the closure of some of its factories. According to the Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids, this “can be interpreted as a decision to consolidate based on cost efficiency and not on local tobacco-control laws”. 52 BAT continues to manufacture and market menthol cigarettes in Chile, with sales of capsule cigarettes increasing (see below). Canada J.E. Henningfield, N.L. Benowitz, K. Ahijevych et al, Does menthol enhance the addictiveness of cigarettes? An agenda for research, Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 2003;5(1):9-11 LogicVapes have a good reputation amongst vapers, especially those looking for easy to use devices. The choice of different devices makes it a versatile brand and many people looking for their first vape kit after quitting traditional cigarettes are impressed by the Logic Welcome Kit due to it's convenient design. Logic Vapes at The Electric Tobacconist Across Canada, state menthol bans significantly increased quit success among menthol smokers compared with non-menthol smokers. 79 The ban also prevented relapse among smokers who had quit pre-ban. 80 In 2015, even though some states had already passed legislation, 15% of 15 to 19 year olds reported smoking menthol cigarettes. 81 Between 2018 and August 2020, 2-3% of 16-19 year olds were estimated to be smoking menthol or capsule cigarettes. 82 Most menthol smokers switched to non-menthol cigarettes, and menthol accessories (which could provide a menthol flavour) remained on sale in Canada. 80

Flavoured and Menthol Tobacco - TobaccoTactics Flavoured and Menthol Tobacco - TobaccoTactics

a b C.N. Kyriakos, M.Z Zatońsky, F.T. Filippidis, Flavour capsule cigarette use and perceptions: A systematic review, Tobacco Control, Published Online First: 04 October 2021, doi: 10 a b c A. Herbeć A, M. Zatoński M, W. Zatoński et al, Dependence, plans to quit, quitting self-efficacy and past cessation behaviours among menthol and other flavoured cigarette users in Europe: The EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys, Tobacco Induced Diseases, 2019;16(2)STOP, U.S. Menthol Ban is a Victory for Public Health, but Don’t Expect the Tobacco Industry to Admit Defeat, press release, 30 April 2021, accessed September 2021

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For more information on the market and industry tactics in low and middle-income countries, see Flavoured and Menthol Tobacco in LMICs a b c A.C. Villanti, L.K. Collins, R.S. Niaura et al, Menthol cigarettes and the public health standard: a systematic review, BMC Public Health, 2017;17(1):983 Canadian legislation bans menthol’s use as an ingredient because menthol’s presence at subliminal levels reduces the negative sensations of smoking. 61 62 63 United States Y. Van er Eijk,, K.W. Teo, G.P.P. Tan, W.M. Chua, Tobacco industry strategies for flavour capsule cigarettes: analysis of patents and industry internal documents, Tobacco Control, Published Online First: 05 October 2021, doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056792 Cigarettes are produced and sold with a variety of flavours, including menthol, fruit, spice, herb, alcohol, sweet and floral. 3 4 Menthol, a type of alcohol that can be obtained from mint plants or manufactured, is the most widely used cigarette flavour. 5 6 7 Besides adding a flavour, menthol desensitises receptors that lead to irritant sensations from nicotine, making the experience of smoking less harsh. 5 8 In the United States non-menthol cigarette consumption declined by 33% from 2009-2018 but menthol cigarette consumption only declined by 8%. 9In June 2017, the city of San Francisco, USA, banned the sale of all flavoured tobacco products including menthol. Retailers were given training, and shops were inspected. By December 2019, the comprehensive ban had reduced sales of flavoured products by 96%. Total tobacco sales declined significantly further than in neighbouring cities without bans. 78 Evidence from Canada

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Positive outcome expectancies about using capsule cigarettes were most salient among susceptible non-smokers and non-daily smokers compared with daily smokers, suggesting that these products are designed to recruit new smokers and retain novice smokers rather than established smokers. 38 Similar to other flavoured tobacco products, 3 53 65 capsule cigarettes likely facilitate smoking initiation by making it more palatable and easier to smoke. However, findings around capsule use by smoking and quitting behaviours were mixed, 30 31 33 34 40 41 indicating that more research is needed. Future research should also examine the sensory effects of other capsule cigarette brands and flavours across larger and more diverse sample populations given that the only two studies that assessed responses to the product were conducted among US menthol smokers and tested only one brand—Camel Crush. 42 43 Menthol cigarettes are key products in tobacco company portfolios, representing an estimated 10% of the global cigarette market according to the World Health Organization (WHO). 1 Using flavouring agents as additives is thought to promote and sustain tobacco use, and therefore WHO recommends banning menthol and other flavours in cigarettes. 2Ministerio de Salud, Chile, Encuesta National de Salud 2016-2017 Primeros resultados, Chile Ministry of Health, National Health Survey 2016-17 Preliminary results, 2017, accessed March 2020 Both types of flavoured cigarette are equally popular in Nigeria and have over 40% of the tobacco market. Only two of the countries included in Euromonitor’s dataset, North Macedonia and Canada, had no measurable market for either. 94 In 2019, 18.5 million people in the US were current smokers of menthol cigarettes. 64 On 28 April 2022 the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced proposed standards for banning menthol as a characterising flavour in cigarettes and cigars. 60 65 In 2009 the US had previously banned characterising flavours in cigarettes (see below) except menthol. a b Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids, Job Losses In Local Tobacco Industry, policy brief, undated, accessed March 2020

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The market share of menthol flavoured cigarettes remained high in many countries, the highest being in the WHO Western Pacific region (15% in 2020) and Africa region (13%). The five countries with the largest menthol market shares in 2020 were: Singapore (47%), Dominican Republic (33%), Cameroon (30%), USA (29%) and Japan (28%). 93 In contrast, in Europe the average market share for menthol flavoured cigarettes was only 1.5% across the region. Nicorette® Inhalator works to relieve cravings and nicotine withdrawal symptoms associated with a dependence on tobacco. It s a form of Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) that provides a low level of nicotine to help reduce withdrawal symptoms without any of the tar, carbon monoxide and other chemicals contained in tobacco smoke. In bivariate and multivariate models for Mexico, smokers who preferred discount flavour capsule varieties were less likely to report that their brand was more satisfying or more stylish than other brands compared to smokers who preferred regular premium brands ( table 3). However, if the preferred capsule variety was a premium price, then Mexican smokers were more likely than those who preferred regular premium brands to report that their variety was more stylish than other cigarettes. Furthermore, in bivariate and adjusted models estimating correlates of relative taste and harm, Mexicans who preferred discount flavour capsule varieties were more likely than regular premium brand smokers to view their brand as smoother, lighter and less harmful. Mexicans who preferred premium flavour capsule varieties were more likely than regular premium brand smokers to view their brand as smoother. K.C. Manning, K.J. Kelly, M.L. Comello, Flavoured cigarettes, sensation seeking and adolescents’ perceptions of cigarette brands, Tobacco Control, 2009;18(6):459-65 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office on Smoking and Health Summary of Scientific Evidence: Flavored Tobacco Products, Including Menthol (United States, February 2021) TCRG Researcha b c J. Ducharme, The FDA Is Moving Forward with a Menthol Cigarette Ban. Here’s What the Science Says, Time, 4 May 2022, accessed May 2022 L. Reger, J. Moß, H. Hahn, J. Hahn, Analysis of Menthol, Menthol-Like and Other Tobacco Flavouring Compounds in Cigarettes and Electrically Heated Tobacco Products, Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research, 2018, doi: 10.2478/cttr-2018-0010 a b C.N. Kyriakos, P. Driezen, G. Fong et al, Impact of the European Union’s menthol cigarette ban on smoking cessation outcomes: longitudinal findings from the 2020–2021 ITC Netherlands Surveys, Tobacco Control, Published Online First: 26 September 2022. doi: 10.1136/tc-2022-057428 The US flavour cigarette ban (with the exception of menthol) came into effect in September 2009. Survey data for the period up to 2017 suggested the ban reduced cigarette smoking long term among young adults (27%) and youth smokers (43%) but not older adults. Immediately post ban significant numbers of young adult and youth smokers of other flavours switched to menthol and non-flavoured cigarettes. 75 However, by 2015 cigar sales had also increased, particularly flavoured cigars. Internet vendors, especially those based outside the US were found to be selling flavoured products in 2011, two years after the flavour ban. 76 This popularity among consumers for flavored capsule cigarettes could be largely attributed to the fact that consumers perceive flavored capsule cigarettes are less harmful than regular cigarettes, lighter and smoother in taste, and also more stylish.