This unit, also known as the 'Edinburgh Regiment', was raised in Edinburgh by Stewart, a professional in the Royal Ecossais. Its complement of urban tradesmen and other volunteers were later joined by British army 'deserters'; one officer who served with it recorded the regiment "had a pretty good reputation". [85] After the march to Derby, the regiment was one of those assigned to the siege of Stirling, and it later fought in the front line at Culloden. However, opposition to post-Union legislation was not restricted to Jacobites. Many Presbyterians opposed the establishment of the Episcopal Church in 1712 and other measures of indulgence, while the worst tax riots took place in Glasgow, a town noted for its antipathy to the Stuarts. [106] As in England, some objected less to the Union than the Hanoverian connection; Lord George Murray, a senior Jacobite commander in 1745, was a Unionist who repeatedly disagreed with Charles, but opposed "wars [...] on account of the Electors of Hanover". [107] Community [ edit ] Flora MacDonald by Allan Ramsay c. 1749–1750; note white roses, a Jacobite symbol

Lenman, Bruce (1980). The Jacobite Risings in Britain 1689–1746. Methuen Publishing. p.27. ISBN 978-0413396501.

A regiment comprising three largely independent battalions raised in Aberdeenshire and Banffshire. Two battalions were led by James Moir of Stonywood and John Gordon of Avochie; Stonywood's men were mainly volunteers from Aberdeen, whereas most of Avochie's were unwillingly pressed into service as feudal levies. The third was led by Francis Farquharson of Monaltrie, who raised some 300 clansmen shortly prior to the siege of Stirling. The regiment fought at Culloden, with Monaltrie's battalion in the front line. [82] This is a list of flags that are used exclusively in Scotland. Other flags used in Scotland, as well as the rest of the United Kingdom can be found at list of British flags.

On 19 August, 1745, a hastily-made red and white flag lifted in the breeze at Glenfinnan, at the north end of Loch Shiel in the Western Highlands of Scotland. It signalled the beginning of the Jacobite Rising of 1745 – but the chances of the flag’s ever being unfurled were in doubt until the last moment, as Frances Owen writes on the 275 anniversary of the raising of the Jacobite standard. James left Ireland after defeat at the Boyne in 1690, telling his supporters to "shift for themselves". [68] This led some to depict him as "Séamus an chaca", "James of the shit", who had deserted his loyal followers. [69] However, Gaelic scholar Breandán Ó Buachalla claims his reputation subsequently recovered as "the rightful king...destined to return' and upper-class Irish Jacobite writers like Charles O'Kelly and Nicholas Plunkett blamed "corrupt English and Scottish advisors" for his apparent desertion. [70]

The Regiment Royal-Ecossais or Royal Scots was raised in France by John Drummond in 1744 from amongst the exile community and from Scots already serving in the Irish Brigade. It landed at Montrose in early December 1745 but attempts to raise a locally recruited second battalion proved unsuccessful. The unit numbered around 350 men by the time of Culloden.

The Standard of Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh (prior to her accession as Queen Elizabeth II), namely the Royal Standard of the United Kingdom used in Scotland defaced with a label of three points, the first and third points bearing a Saint George's Cross, the centre point bearing a Tudor Rose. The Jacobite Army tried to recruit from among prisoners taken in battle, and such so-called 'deserters' came to form a significant source of manpower. A large group were drafted into the Irish Picquets from Guise's 6th Regiment of Foot after the surrender of their garrisons at Inverness and Fort Augustus; 98 were retaken at Culloden of whom many would have faced summary execution. [54] Others, more accurately described as 'deserters', had previously absconded from the army in Flanders before returning to Scotland with the Irish Picquets or Royal Ecossais. [55] Divided gold and purple, with a white castle bearing an ancient crown, also divided purple and gold. [6]Kirkcudbrightshire Flag | Free official image and info | UK Flag Registry". The Flag Institute . Retrieved 22 May 2022. Jacobite ideology originated with James VI and I, first monarch of England, Scotland and Ireland in 1603. Its basis was divine right, which claimed his authority came from God, and the crown's descent by indefeasible hereditary right: James and his supporters emphasised his right to the throne by blood to forestall controversy over his appointment by Elizabeth I as her successor. [4] Personal rule by the monarch eliminated the need for Parliaments, and required political and religious union, concepts widely unpopular in all three kingdoms. [5]