Modi's India: Hindu Nationalism and the Rise of Ethnic Democracy

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The RSS provided organisational support to the BJP's electoral campaigns while the Modi administration appointed RSS-affiliated individuals to prominent government positions. Scholars consider the Government of Gujarat to have been complicit in the riots, [8] [125] and it has received much criticism for its handling of the situation; [126] some scholars explicitly blame Modi. The government also announced plans to build new sewage treatment plants, [333] and planned to construct 60 million toilets by 2019.

The boom in cotton production and its semi-arid land use [180] led to Gujarat's agricultural sector growing at an average rate of 9. In 2022, the government eliminated LPG subsidies for all citizens except those covered by the Ujjwala program.While Modi was training with the RSS, he also met Vasant Gajendragadkar and Nathalal Jaghda, Bharatiya Jana Sangh leaders who in 1980 helped found the BJP's Gujarat unit.

Modi was conferred the 2018 Seoul Peace Prize in recognition of "his dedication to improving international co-operation, raising global economic growth, accelerating the Human Development of the people of India by fostering economic growth and furthering the development of democracy through anti-corruption and social integration efforts". Gokhale reprised the role in the sequel Avrodh: The Siege Within 2 (2022) , which is based on the 2016 Indian banknote demonetisation. Gujarat Elections: The Sub-Text of Modi's 'Hattrick'—High Tech Populism and the 'Neo-middle Class' ". On 6 December 2020, he became the fourth-longest-serving Prime Minister of India and the longest-serving non- Congress prime minister.The Modi government finished the process of taking electricity to every village in Gujarat its predecessor had almost completed. He has in the past: before he was prime minister he tried to rebrand himself from a Hindu zealot into a pragmatic manager of his successful home state of Gujarat.

K. Advani who cited concern with leaders who were "concerned with their personal agendas", expressed opposition to Modi's candidature. He wrote a foreword to a 2014 textbook by Dinanath Batra, which made the unscientific claim that ancient India possessed technologies including test-tube babies.Amid growing populist rhetoric and misinformation, responsible and accountable leadership on human rights issues in India is desperately needed. Dhattiwala, Raheel (2019), Keeping the Peace: Spatial Differences in Hindu-Muslim Violence in Gujarat in 2002, Cambridge University Press, p. His strategy was credited as central to the BJP winning an overall majority in the 1998 election, [106] and Modi was promoted to BJP general secretary (organisation) in May of that year. Modi's India provides a compelling account of how the nationalist populist leader has moved the country to a variant of ethnic democracy. The party’s rule has coincided, however, with the country acquiring the label of an illiberal democracy.

He established financial and technology parks in the state and during the 2007 Vibrant Gujarat summit, real-estate investment deals worth ₹6. In 2014, 2015, 2017, 2020 and 2021, he was named one of Time magazine's 100 Most Influential People in the World.Modi's administration passed a land-reform bill that allowed it to acquire private agricultural land without conducting a social impact assessment, and without the consent of the farmers who owned it. Mr Modi’s once-fringe party, the Bharatiya Janata Party ( BJP), built its name by campaigning over the status of a mosque there from 1990. Over the past two decades, thanks to Narendra Modi, Hindu nationalism has been coupled with a form of national-populism that has ensured its success at the polls, first in Gujarat and then in India at large. Modi liberalised India's foreign direct investment policies, allowing more foreign investment in several industries, including defence and railways.