C16 Timber: C16 is the most commonly used form of timber. It can be used in many different applications and is the most cost effective option. C16 timbers are kiln dried to minimise the amount of moisture in the wood. This grade of timber which is commonly used in internal construction such as floors, walls and roof joists is not only cost effective, it has the strength and other properties such as bending, compression and density which are required for construction. As strong, versatile and cost effective this grade of timber might be, it does have some defects, such as grain deviations which may affect the strength of the timber as well as some cosmetic defects such as sap stains and sometimes and an uneven surface. Handrails are calculated with the newel posts at 2m centres. You will need to add one newel posts for every time there is a gap in your total length. Pressure-treated or wood preservative doesn’t affect the strength of wood, incising however does. Incising is the process of infusing preservative deeper into the wood through small 1/4” deep cuts on all surfaces. Incising weakens the wood slightly, so it often is rated for shorter distances. Typically, going with 12-inch or 16-inch joist spacing is a safe bet for the project, but if you want to ensure the spacing is adequate for the project, use the following formula:

I agree with the 400 centers, but how would you solve my problem? Do you think stepping it is the way to go, sort of the same way you would lay laminate flooring in the house. My drawing are nearly done so these maybe make it easy to see what i have.Now if i do 60cm centers everything will work out great, but is this to wide? I will be putting in Noggins every 60cm from the same joist material Tables and span calculators frequently provide joist dimensions, span, and spacing values based on a dead load of 10 pounds per square foot (PSF or psf) and a live-load of 40psf. The height off the ground, wind-load, snow-load, soil-load capacity, and potential seismic forces also factor into the span. A circular saw:Use a circular saw to cut lumber to meet your project dimensions, according to the recommend joist length and width.

Some equations and algorithms will calculate the span and spacing for joists and numerous joist span tables for reference too. Some formulas take the bending, compression, and breaking values for wet or dry wood that are based on predetermined values for different species to determine safe loads over specified distances. The formulas have been used to calculate the spans and spacing on different tables in the Building Codes, and are the values used by different calculator algorithms. A bubble level:If you’re working alone, a bubble level will help you measure straight lines when installing joist hangers.Most span and spacing tables present values for common dimensional lumber sizes and species. They often have 2×6, 2×8, 2×10, and 2×12. Although 2x4s may be used for low-profile joists near ground-level they aren’t normally included in structural joist tables. They bow too easily to span much distance and won’t support heavy loads. Four very popular types of spindle are usually used the Square, Chamfered, Colonial and American and each of them can be installed using a universal hand/base rail shown here. The spindles are held in place simply by fixing the infill strips between each spindle in both the top and bottom rails. Joist spacing refers to the distance between joists and is measured in centimetres or inches. If you draw a line down the centre of two joists and measure the distance between them as 600mm or 24 inches, then the joist spacing is 600mm or 24 inches centre to centre. These are fixed to joists using 100mm landscape screws. If possible, fix the newels so that two faces can be secured through two joists at 90' to each other. 8. Fitting Steps