You should be able to get all the selenium you need by eating a varied and balanced diet that includes meat, fish or nuts. National Institutes of Health: Office of Dietary Supplements. Magnesium: fact sheet for health professionals. Long‐term antioxidant supplementation has no effect on health‐related quality of life: The randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, primary prevention SU.VI.MAX trial. International Journal of Epidemiology, 40( 6), 1605–1616. 10.1093/ije/dyr161 B-complex supplements make it easier for you to manage and benefit your vitamin B intake. They do this by combining all eight B vitamins into a single tablet or oral spray. Domitrz I, et al. (2022). Magnesium as an important factor in the pathogenesis and treatment of migraine — from theory to practice.

Another study found that supplementing with magnesium L-threonate significantly enhanced visual attention, task switching, processing speed, and executive function but also reversed brain aging in people with cognitive decline 18. Christen WG, Glynn RJ, Chew EY, Albert CM, Manson JE. Folic acid, pyridoxine, and cyanocobalamin combination treatment and age-related macular degeneration in women: the Women’s Antioxidant and Folic Acid Cardiovascular Study. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(4):335-341. Impact of magnesium supplementation, in combination with vitamin B6, on stress and magnesium status: Secondary data from a randomized controlled trial. Magnesium Research, 33( 3), 45–57. 10.1684/mrh.2020.0468

Benefits of Vitamin B6

Effect of magnesium supplementation on depression status in depressed patients with magnesium deficiency: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial. Nutrition, 35, 56–60. 10.1016/j.nut.2016.10.014

Artukoglu BB, Li F, Szejko N, Bloch MH. Pharmacologic treatment of tardive dyskinesia: a meta-analysis and systematic review. J Clin Psychiatry. 2020;81(4):19r12798. doi:10.4088/JCP.19r12798 Magnesium levels have also been linked with general health and QoL; a retrospective study ( n=81) showed that the higher magnesium levels were associated with improved QoL scores in all 10 categories of the Short Form‐36 Health Survey (SF‐36) measuring QoL and health (Viebahn etal., 2016). Magnesium supplementation is therefore of interest not only as a potential aid to coping with stress, but also as a treatment for anxiety and depression (Botturi etal., 2020; Boyle etal., 2017; Kirkland etal., 2018). However, to date, no evidence has shown that magnesium supplementation can result in improved QoL. Having low levels of magnesium can significantly affect your sleep and cause you to feel fatigued. B vitaminsWhile some studies suggest that magnesium may indirectly support weight management by helping regulate blood sugar and metabolism, it’s not a standalone solution for weight loss. Verma H, Garg R. Effect of magnesium supplementation on type 2 diabetes associated cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2017;30(5):621-633. The best form of magnesium to take depends on the desired benefit. For example, research indicates that magnesium citrate is the most effective form for treating constipation, whereas magnesium oxide may be better suited for those experiencing anxiety or migraine episodes. You should be able to get the amount of beta-carotene you need by eating a varied and balanced diet. Seddon JM, Gensler G, Klein ML, Milton RC. Evaluation of plasma homocysteine and risk of age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006;141(1):201-203.

Having 10mg or less a day of copper is unlikely to cause any harm. This includes copper from food, water and supplements. MagnesiumDoll H, Brown S, Thurston A, Vessey M. Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) and the premenstrual syndrome: a randomized crossover trial. J R Coll Gen Pract. 1989;39(326):364-368. AlSaad D, Awaisu A, Elsalem S, et al. Is pyridoxine effective and safe for post-partum lactation inhibition? A systematic review. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2017;42(4):373-382. doi:10.1111/jcpt.12526

Analyses were performed on the intent‐to‐treat (ITT) population (all randomised participants with at least one consumption of study product), comprising 264 patients (132 patients in each treatment group; Pouteau etal., 2018). Magnesium glycinate is bound to the amino acid glycine. Animal and test-tube studies suggest that glycine may have a calming effect on the brain, which is why it’s thought to be beneficial for sleep. Why is vitamin B6 effective in alleviating the symptoms of autism? Medical Hypotheses, 115, 103–106. 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.04.007Moretti A, et al. (2021). What is the role of magnesium for skeletal muscle cramps? A Cochrane Review summary with commentary. Thorne products are made in a lab that meets quality and safety standards set by NSF International and the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), a regulatory body in Australia responsible for assessing supplements. Besag FMC, Vasey MJ, Sen A. Current evidence for adjunct pyridoxine (vitamin B6) for the treatment of behavioral adverse effects associated with levetiracetam: A systematic review. Epilepsy Behav. 2023;140:109065. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.109065