Gallium Metal 50 Grams, 99.99% Pure Melting Gallium - 50g Vial

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Gallium in West Virginia Coals". West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey. 2002-03-02. Archived from the original on 11 March 2002. Gallium has no known natural role in biology. Gallium(III) behaves in a similar manner to ferric salts in biological systems and has been used in some medical applications, including pharmaceuticals and radiopharmaceuticals.

Gallium is not found in natural abundance. The element exists in trace amounts inside deposits consisting largely of other minerals. These include coal, bauxite, germanite, and zinc ores. The metal is very rare and only accounts for about 0.0019 percent of Earth's crust. It is also the 32nd most abundant element present inside the crust. Applicationsa b c d Frenzel, Max; Ketris, Marina P.; Seifert, Thomas; Gutzmer, Jens (March 2016). "On the current and future availability of gallium". Resources Policy. 47: 38–50. Bibcode: 2016RePol..47...38F. doi: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2015.11.005. Coleman, James J.; Jagadish, Chennupati; Catrina Bryce, A. (2012-05-02). Advances in Semiconductor Lasers. Academic Press. pp.150–151. ISBN 978-0-12-391066-0. Headlee, A. J. W. & Hunter, Richard G. (1953). "Elements in Coal Ash and Their Industrial Significance". Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. 45 (3): 548–551. doi: 10.1021/ie50519a028.

The melting point of gallium, at 302.9146K (29.7646°C, 85.5763°F), is just above room temperature, and is approximately the same as the average summer daytime temperatures in Earth's mid-latitudes. This melting point (mp) is one of the formal temperature reference points in the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90) established by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM). [13] [14] [15] The triple point of gallium, 302.9166K (29.7666°C, 85.5799°F), is used by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in preference to the melting point. [16] Besides its applications in the medical field, gallium is mostly used in electronics. Roughly 95% is used to create gallium arsenide (GaAs). The latter is an essential component in circuits, semiconductors and LEDs. Gallium is also used to make alloys with low melting points. Due to its liquid properties, it is also a safer choice than liquid mercury to be used inside thermometers and barometers. Production Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nded.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

Density of Gallium

a b Sipos, P. L.; Megyes, T. N.; Berkesi, O. (2008). "The Structure of Gallium in Strongly Alkaline, Highly Concentrated Gallate Solutions—a Raman and 71

Multijunction photovoltaic cells, developed for satellite power applications, are made by molecular-beam epitaxy or metalorganic vapour-phase epitaxy of thin films of gallium arsenide, indium gallium phosphide, or indium gallium arsenide. The Mars Exploration Rovers and several satellites use triple-junction gallium arsenide on germanium cells. [69] Gallium is also a component in photovoltaic compounds (such as copper indium gallium selenium sulfide Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S) 2) used in solar panels as a cost-efficient alternative to crystalline silicon. [70] Galinstan and other alloys [ edit ] Galinstan easily wetting a piece of ordinary glass Owing to their low melting points, gallium and its alloys can be shaped into various 3D forms using 3D printing and additive manufacturing. Bernstein, L. R.; Tanner, T.; Godfrey, C. & Noll, B. (2000). "Chemistry and Pharmacokinetics of Gallium Maltolate, a Compound With High Oral Gallium Bioavailability". Metal-Based Drugs. 7 (1): 33–47. doi: 10.1155/MBD.2000.33. PMC 2365198. PMID 18475921.He named the element "gallia", from Latin Gallia meaning Gaul, after his native land of France. It was later claimed that, in a multilingual pun of a kind favoured by men of science in the 19th century, he had also named gallium after himself: Le coq is French for "the rooster", and the Latin word for "rooster" is gallus. In an 1877 article, Lecoq denied this conjecture. [46] Alkaline hydroxide solutions dissolve gallium, forming gallate salts (not to be confused with identically named gallic acid salts) containing the Ga(OH) − Amemiya, Ryo (2005). "GaCl 3 in Organic Synthesis". European Journal of Organic Chemistry. 2005 (24): 5145–5150. doi: 10.1002/ejoc.200500512. China produced c. 250 tons of low-grade gallium in 2016 and c. 300 tons in 2017. It also accounted for more than half of global LED production. [64] As of July 2023, China accounted for between 80% [65] to 95% of its production. [66] Applications [ edit ]

Romero-Freire, Ana; Santos-Echeandía, Juan; Neira, Patricia; Cobelo-García, Antonio (2019). "Less-Studied Technology-Critical Elements (Nb, Ta, Ga, In, Ge, Te) in the Marine Environment: Review on Their Concentrations in Water and Organisms". Frontiers in Marine Science. 6. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2019.00532. ISSN 2296-7745. High-resolution photographs of molten gallium, gallium crystals and gallium ingots under Creative Commons licencea b c d e f g h i Greenwood, N. N. (1962). Harry Julius Emeléus; Alan G. Sharpe (eds.). Advances in inorganic chemistry and radiochemistry. Vol.5. Academic Press. pp.94–95. ISBN 978-0-12-023605-3. as another possible gallate anion, [33] it was not found in later work. [32] Oxides and chalcogenides [ edit ]