A.Vogel Passiflora Complex drops - with Passion Flower Extract - 50ml

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From 2006 to 2013, 27 traditional herbal products containing Passiflora were registered with the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) of the United Kingdom. All of them contain extracts of P. incarnata in single formulations or in association with other plant species. These associations represent approximately 74% of all the products, and include, in their formulations, species traditionally used to treat anxiety, such as Valeriana officinalis (Valerianaceae), Lactuca virosa (Asteraceae), Hypericum perforatum (Hypericaceae), and Melissa officinalis (Lamiaceae) [ 20]. Paoletti A, Gallo E, Benemei S, et al. Interactions between Natural Health Products and Oral Anticoagulants: Spontaneous Reports in the Italian Surveillance System of Natural Health Products. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:612150. doi:10.1155/2011/612150 Elsas SM, Rossi DJ, Raber J, et al. Passiflora incarnata L. (Passionflower) extracts elicit GABA currents in hippocampal neurons in vitro, and show anxiogenic and anticonvulsant effects in vivo, varying with extraction method. Phytomedicine. 2010;17(12):940-949. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2010.03.002 Ozturk Z, Kalayci CC. Pregnancy outcomes in psychiatric patients treated with passiflora incarnata. Complement Ther Med. 2018 Feb;36:30-32. View abstract. In one study, passionflower extract was shown to positively modulate circadian rhythms in NIH3T3 cells and in mice.( Toda 2017)

The study concluded that “consumption of a low dose of Passiflora incarnata, in the form of tea, yields short-term subjective sleep benefits for healthy adults with mild fluctuations in sleep quality.” 12 Akhondzadeh S, Naghavi HR, et al. Passionflower in the treatment of generalized anxiety: a pilot double-blind randomized controlled trials with oxazepam. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2001;26:363-7. ↩ Children: Passion flower is possibly safe for most children when taken by mouth for short periods of time. A specific passion flower product (Pasipay by Iran Darouk Pharmaceutical Company) has been used safely in children aged 6-13 years for up to 8 weeks. Carrasco MC, Vallejo JR, Pardo-de-Santayana M, et al. Interactions of Valeriana officinalis L. and Passiflora incarnata L. in a patient treated with lorazepam. Phytother Res. 2009 Dec;23:1795-6. View abstract.Distribution of Passiflora species in ANVISA registered products containing Passiflora sp. 2.8. Patents and Registered Products Containing Passiflora outside Brazil Kaviani N, Tavakoli M, Tabanmehr M, Havaei R. The efficacy of Passiflora incarnata Linnaeus in reducing dental anxiety in patients undergoing periodontal treatment. J Dent (Shiraz) 2013;14(2):68-72. View abstract. The effect of P. incarnata on sleep quality was studied in a double-blind study with 41 volunteers [ 98]. Over a 7-day period, the volunteers received placebo (dried parsley infusion) or a P. incarnata infusion prepared with teabags containing 2 g of aerial parts and 250 mL of boiling water during 10 min. The overnight polysomnography on the last night of the treatment indicated a significant increase of 5.2% of the sleep quality, but no significant effect on total sleep time and nocturnal awakenings.

In 1569, Spanish explorers discovered passion flower in Peru. They believed the flowers symbolized Christ's passion. Passionflower was formerly approved as an over-the-counter sedative and sleep aid in the U.S., but this approval was withdrawn in 1978 when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reviewed the class and manufacturers did not submit evidence of safety and effectiveness. How does work? There are several ways to take passion flower. Most common are infusions, teas, liquid extracts, tinctures and capsules. Soulimani, R., Younos, C., Jarmouni, S., Bousta, D., Misslin, R., and Mortier, F. Behavioural effects of Passiflora incarnata L. and its indole alkaloid and flavonoid derivatives and maltol in the mouse. J Ethnopharmacol. 1997;57(1):11-20. View abstract.Jawna-Zboinska K, Blecharz-Klin K, et al. Passiflora incarnata L. Improves Spatial Memory, Reduces Stress, and Affects Neurotransmission in Rats. Phytother Res. 2016 May;30(5):781-9. ↩ Menopause is associated with feeling of anxiety and depression, often caused by low levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid ( GABA), which is a chemical in the brain. Hormone therapy that relies on modern medicine can create a lot of unwanted side effects. Passion flower contains bioactive compounds and its medicinal benefits are believed to be from flavonoids such as apigenin. Animal studies indicate that passion flower extracts may have sedative, anxiety-relieving (anxiolytic), analgesic, and antispasmodic effects. Passion flower is thought to work by enhancing the levels and activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the primary inhibitory chemical messenger (neurotransmitter) in the brain. Dhawan, K., Kumar, S., and Sharma, A. Comparative biological activity study on Passiflora incarnata and P. edulis. Fitoterapia 2001;72(6):698-702. View abstract.

This article was based on a literature search into the widespread use of the main species of the genus Passiflora and their main secondary metabolites to treat anxiety. The search covered pharmacological studies, patents, and registered products that were focused on the promising Brazilian market. This report about Passiflora herbal medicinal products comprises eight sections: Passiflora genus (Passifloraceae); chemical constituents; mechanism of anxiolytic action; Passiflora extract: standardization and chemical marker; pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and safety; patents and intellectual property in Brazil; registered medicines containing Passiflora in Brazil; and patents and registered products containing Passiflora outside Brazil. 2. Methods Ozturk Z, Kalayci CC. Pregnancy outcomes in psychiatric patients treated with passiflora incarnata. Complement Ther Med. 2018;36:30-32. doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2017.11.008 Benzodiazepines: Passion flower may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of benzodiazepines. Monitor therapy.( Akhondzadeh 2001, Appel 2011, Carrasco 2009, Khom 2007) Adverse Reactions Information on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, and toxicity (ADMET) of a drug in the human body is of great importance for the characterization of a drug formulation regarding the treatment of a certain disease and its safety for the patient [ 80, 81]. Knowledge of ADMET properties is usual for synthetic drugs; however, when the universe of substances present is expanded, such as in the case of products from plant species, there is a reduced level of information about these properties [ 80– 82]. The marketing of extracts obtained from plant drugs is advantageous for the industry in several ways, as it reduces the steps involved in the manufacturing of herbal medicine products, it minimizes waste production, and it simplifies analytical quality control. However, an important point for evaluation is the standardization of this extract obtained commercially. Standardization of raw plant materials can be done by the chemical quantification of substances or class of substances related to the therapeutic effects, or through the presence of chemical marker substances of the species. The most abundant substances in the leaves of this species belong to the class of flavonoids, especially C-glycosides, which are directly related to its pharmacological activities [ 24].Anxiety Symptoms - da Cunha RS, Amorim KS, Gercina AC, de Oliveira ACA, Dos Santos Menezes L, Groppo FC, Souza LMA Herbal medicines as anxiolytics prior to third molar surgical extraction. A randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig. (2021-Mar) The official passion flower is considered to be P. incarnata, which is used for the herbal supplement form. Variations in constituents among species exist. Meier S, Haschke M, Zahner C, et al. Effects of a fixed herbal drug combination (Ze 185) to an experimental acute stress setting in healthy men - An explorative randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study. Phytomedicine. 2018 Jan 15;39:85-92. View abstract.