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While details have been published of the Gaofen 1 through 7 satellites, those designed Gaofen-8 remain classified, indicating military customers. The GF-1 spacecraft was launched on April 26, 2013 on a CZ-2D (Long March -2D) vehicle from the JSLC (Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center) in northwest China. The GF-1 spacecraft is the first demonstration mission of the CHEOS program (Ref. 2). 8) 9) Ming Li , Teng Pan, Hui Guan, Hongyu Liu, Ji Gao, "Gaofen-2 mission introduction and characteristics," Proceedings of the 66 th International Astronautical Congress (IAC 2015), Jerusalem, Israel, Oct.12-16, 2015, paper: IAC-15-B1.2.7 Designed and developed by CAST, Gaofen-2 employs the long life CAST-CS-L3000A bus with breakthrough technologies including fast roll and high stable attitude control, long focal length and lightweight camera design to enhance the satellite’s performance and reliability. In 2010, the Chinese government approved to implement CHEOS (China High-resolution Earth Observation System), which is an extension of the HDEOS program. The CHEOS series would consist of seven optical/microwave satellites. EOSDC-CNSA (Earth Observation System and Data Center - China National Space Administration) is responsible for organizing the construction of the CHEOS program. The CHEOS program comprises the elements of the spaceborne system, the near-space system, aerial system, the ground system and application system as a whole to realize Earth observation at high temporal, spatial and spectral resolution. The constellation may be utilised in Chinese president Xi Jinping’s ‘One belt one road’ regional development project.

Biostatistical methods; Survey methodology and analysis; Statistical learning; Epidemiology (except nutritional and veterinary epidemiology); Public and population health, n.e.c.; Causal inference; Biostatistics; Statistics; Machine Learning; data science; Survey data analysis; multiple sclerosisChinese HD earth observation satellite comes into service," Space Daily, March 9. 2015, URL: http://www.spacedaily.com/reports The Gaofen-5, with a designed lifespan of eight years, is equipped with six state-of-the-art observation payloads that would provide the most comprehensive observation data compared to other Chinese remote sensing satellites, Li Zhengqiang, an expert at the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, told the Global Times. Regional dialects and colloquialisms can also influence the use of chaos and cheos. In some areas, one term may be more commonly used than the other, or they may be used interchangeably. For example, in certain parts of the United States, chaos may be used to describe a messy or disorganized situation, while cheos is not commonly used at all. 3. Creative Writing Flood mapping & management (risk analysis, loss assessment, and disaster management during floods). Chunling Lu, Zhaoguang Bai, "GF‐1 Satellite On‐Orbit Test and Evaluation," Proceedings of the 4S (Small Satellites Systems and Services) Symposium, Port Petro, Majorca Island, Spain, May 26-30, 2014

Figure 16: Side-slither raw image (left) on May 1, 2013 and shift of each detector image (right), image credit: DFHFigure 5: Image of the Dubai International Airport of UAE, acquired on August 12, 2014 with the GF-2 spacecraft (image credit: CAST) DongJing Cao, Haibin Jiang, Wei Huang, "The techniques and in-orbit application of GF-2 satellite camera," Proceedings of the 67th IAC (International Astronautical Congress), Guadalajara, Mexico, Sept. 26-30, 2016, paper: IAC-16,B1,3,5 The information compiled and edited in this article was provided by Herbert J. Kramer from his documentation of: "Observation of the Earth and Its Environment: Survey of Missions and Sensors" (Springer Verlag) as well as many other sources after the publication of the 4th edition in 2002. - Comments and corrections to this article are always welcome for further updates ( [email protected]). Information has been published about many of the Gaofen satellites and their civilian purposes. However details about higher-number Gaofen satellites are classified.

As you can see, the choice between chaos and cheos can depend on the context in which they are used. Understanding the nuances of these terms can help us better navigate complex systems and situations. Exceptions To The Rules health economics, orphan drugs, pharmaceutical policy, respiratory medicine, epidemiology, pharmacoepidemiology, rare diseases Chiina Hiigh-resollutiion Earth Observatiion System (CHEOS) and iits Lastest Devellopment," The Earth Observation System and Data Center , CNSA, 2014-2, URL: http://www.oosa.unvienna.org/pdf/pres/stsc2014/tech-47E.pdf Ultimately, the choice between using chaos and cheos may come down to personal preference. While there are general guidelines for usage, writers are free to use whichever term they feel best suits their writing style and the context of their work. Practice Exercises

On May 1, 2013, the GF-1 spacecraft yawed 90° and performed side-slither calibrations three times on orbit. This maneuver produced a radiometric flat-field input to the sensor so that the relative response of each detector was determined for the same exposure level ( Figure 16). The side-slither derived detector correction parameters were then used to improve the quality of the GF-1 imagery. A significant improvement in image correction was achieved (Ref. 14). High radiometric data quality: To ensure a high radiometric quality of the images in the smaller relative aperture of camera, the GF-2 camera optic system and imaging electronics has been optimized in the MTF (Modulation Transfer Function ) system .The statically measured MTF in the lab is 0.12 for PAN, and 0.2 for MS data. in lab condition. On orbit, the dynamic MTF is 0.1 at Nyquist frequency. The PMC is a high-resolution pushbroom imager which observes in one near-infrared (NIR) and three visible (blue, green and red) bands at a spatial resolution of 8 m. It also images in the visible range through PAN with a spatial resolution of 2 m. It is made up of two cameras with Time Delay Integration (TDI) that together observe at a swath width of 69 km (nadir). The WFI is a medium-resolution pushbroom camera set also with TDI capability. The four barrel-mounted cameras have a combined overlapping swath of 830 km. Each one is imaged in three visible bands and one NIR band with a spatial resolution of 16 m.

Launch: The GF-2 spacecraft was launched on August 19, 2014 (03:15 UTC) with a CZ-4B (Long March-4B) vehicle from TSLC (Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center) in the Shanxi Province of northern China. The BRITE-PL-2 nanosatellite, also referred to as Heweliusz, of SRC/PAS (Space Research Center/ Polish Academy of Sciences of Warsaw, Poland.Orbit: Sun-synchronous near-circular orbit, altitude = 631 km, inclination = 97.9º, LTDN = 10:30 hours, period = 97.26 minutes. The satellite is configured with two 2 m barrel-mounted panchromatic/8 m MS (Multispectral) cameras, and a set of 4 WFIs (Wide Field Imagers) with 16 m MS medium-resolution and a combined swath of 830 km. The revisit frequency of the spacecraft is ≤4 days and the observation range of the mission covers a region between 80ºN to ~80ºS. The data of the GF-1 mission are being used in the following application areas: land resource investigation, mineral resource management, atmospheric and water environment quality monitoring, and natural disaster emergency response and monitoring. Gaofen-1 satellite goes into service," Xinhua, Dec. 31, 2013, URL: http://www.shanghaidaily.com/national/Gaofen1-satellite-goes-into-service/shdaily.shtml CHEOS was approved in 2010 with the goal of boosting Chinese satellite imaging capabilities to deliver real-time, all-weather global Earth observation data on land use, environmental and ocean monitoring, disaster response, forecasting and more.