FLYING WHISTLE BALL 8962, Multi Colour

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Was then on the line for a Level 3 referee, who blew the whistle for his dropped balls, making it more confusing. d) When to lower the flag. When the ball is thrown in, the touch judge must lower the flag, with the following exceptions: Ancient whistle found in Assos". Hürriyet Daily News. 19 October 2022 . Retrieved 11 February 2023. Every match is under the control of Match Officials who consist of the Referee and two Touch Judges. Additional persons, as authorised by the match organisers may include the referee and/or touch judge reserve, an official to assist the Referee in making decisions by using technological devices, the time keeper, the Match Doctor, the team doctors, the non-playing members of the teams and the ball persons. History of the Whistle". Granville District Football Referees Association . Retrieved 30 June 2022.

g) The referee must blow the whistle when it would be dangerous to let play continue. This includes when a scrum collapses, or when a front-row player is lifted into the air or is forced upwards out of a scrum, or when it is probable that a player has been seriously injured.

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Exception 1: When the player throwing in puts any part of either foot in the field-of-play, the touch judge keeps the flag up. By the 1978 World Cup Thomas was 41 and in his prime, if no longer in the kit supply business (he worked for an office cleaning company at the time, heading to Argentina with a pledge to make footballers “keep it clean”). To say he failed to enjoy the tournament would be an understatement: in his autobiography Thomas described it as “a month of disillusionment with football administration, my colleagues, the organisation of set-pieces, the general politics of the game and the behaviour of some of those at the highest level”; it was here he was to ascend to international infamy. In his book he describes the moment for which he is now best remembered as “probably the most controversial decision that any referee has ever made, a decision which reverberated around the world”. Cross, David (17 February 2011). "On the Beat in Birmingham - Rules and regulations". BBC . Retrieved 11 March 2014. Police whistles came much later; the early Victorian constable would have carried a small wooden rattle.

c) The official may be consulted if the referee is unsure when making a decision in in-goal with regard to the scoring of a try or a touch down when foul play in in-goal may have been involved.

Raw Materials

Whistles made of bone or wood have been used for thousands of years. [2] Whistles were used by the Ancient Greeks to keep the stroke of galley slaves. The match doctor and the non-playing members of the team may enter the playing area as authorised by the referee. There are two touch judges for every match. Unless they have been appointed by or under the authority of the match organiser, each team provides a touch judge.

One characteristic of a whistle is that it creates a pure, or nearly pure, tone. The conversion of flow energy to sound comes from an interaction between a solid material and a fluid stream. The forces in some whistles are sufficient to set the solid material in motion. Classic examples are Aeolian tones that result in galloping power lines, or the Tacoma Narrows Bridge (the so-called "Galloping Gertie" of popular media). Other examples are circular disks set into vibration. [3] History [ edit ] Early whistles [ edit ] Carved whalebone whistle dated 1821. 8cm long. Quillacinga clay whistle, c. 1250–1500 AD, at the Museum of Texas Tech University. Chanaud, Robert C. (1970). "Observations of Oscillatory Radial Flow between a Fixed Disk and a Free Disk". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 47 (5B): 1471–2. Bibcode: 1970ASAJ...47.1471C. doi: 10.1121/1.1912065. a b "An ancient whistle was crafted from a human thigh bone". Nature. 585 (7824): 163. 1 September 2020. doi: 10.1038/d41586-020-02509-9. S2CID 221465463.

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f) The referee must blow the whistle when the ball or the ball-carrier touches the referee and either team gains an advantage from this. The referee is appointed by the match organiser. If no referee has been appointed the two teams may agree upon a referee. If they cannot agree, the home team appoints a referee.

b) A match organiser may appoint an official who uses technological devices. If the referee is unsure when making a decision in in-goal involving a try being scored or a touch down, that official may be consulted. e) The official may be consulted if the referee or touch judge is unsure if a player was or was not in touch when attempting to ground the ball to score a try.The referee may alter a decision when a touch judge has raised the flag to signal touch or an act of foul play. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Whistle". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol.28 (11thed.). Cambridge University Press. pp.595–596.