Pre-injection Alco Swabs, Pack of 100

Product Information

Price on application’ (POA) quotations and all other quotations do not constitute offers and will be valid for 30 days from the date of the quotation, unless otherwise notified by VWR. CADTH is not responsible for any errors, omissions, injury, loss, or damage arising from or relating to the use (or misuse) of any information, statements, or conclusions contained in or implied by the contents of this document or any of the source materials.

Follow-up telephone surveys were available for 99% (168/170) on Day 1, 99% (168/170) on Day 5, and 94% (160/170) on Day 14 postvaccination On termination of the contract for any reason the customer shall immediately pay to VWR all of its outstanding unpaid invoices and interest. Confidentiality Authorisation to return products damaged during delivery must be requested within 3 days of delivery. VWR has the right to repair and return damaged products. The purpose of this report is to summarize the evidence regarding the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of skin preparation prior to injections. Evidence-based guidelines regarding preparing the skin for injection will also be sought.

In view of the wide range of uses of chemicals and apparatus, the customer will be solely responsible for determining the suitability and specification of products, services, information and advice for its purposes. Subject to the aforementioned limitations, the views expressed herein are those of CADTH and do not necessarily represent the views of Canada’s federal, provincial, or territorial governments or any third party supplier of information. Where delivery or performance dates are stated by VWR these are estimates only and time is not of the essence; however, if VWR needs to change such dates it will do so only after providing information to the customer and having regards to the customer’s stated objectives.

VWR may at any time, without limiting any other rights and remedies that it may have, set off any amount owing to it by the customer under the contract against any amount payable by VWR to the customer (whether under the contract or a separate agreement). Delivery

This document is prepared and intended for use in the context of the Canadian health care system. The use of this document outside of Canada is done so at the user’s own risk. The customer shall cooperate with VWR in all matters relating to the services, provide all such access and information as is necessary and obtain any licences permissions and consents required before commencement of the services. One randomized controlled trial was included in this report comparing skin preparation to no skin preparation prior to injection. No relevant cost-effectiveness studies or evidence-based guidelines were identified regarding preparing the skin for injection.

Evidence from the randomized-controlled trial suggested that alcohol swabbing does not reduce local skin reactions prior to vaccination. The study had reasonable attempts at blinding where possible and described the main outcomes, recruitment process and overall results. There were no statistically significant differences between the alcohol swab group and control group for delayed pain, redness, swelling and warmth to touch while there were no reported cases of cellulitis and infectious abscesses. Post-hoc analysis showed that the duration of pain was statistically significantly higher in the alcohol swab group compared to the control group although the clinical significance of this outcome not discussed by the authors. The study was underpowered to detect differences in the primary outcome of skin infection and instead focused on the differences of local skin reaction between groups. Therefore, the study did not answer the primary outcome and a larger sample size is needed to detect whether alcohol swabbing does reduce the risk of infection. While the authors report that this is one of the first studies to report on the effectiveness of alcohol swabbing prior to vaccinations, it is difficult to draw definitive conclusions from a single trial. 8 Customers who exceed their credit limits will be asked to pay in advance for additional products and/or services until the account is settled. The reporting of the RCT was considered well done overall, with a clear description of the objective, patient eligibility criteria, inventions and controls. The outcomes were described; however, most of the outcomes were reported by the parents of the patients (except cellulitis and infectious abscesses which were diagnosed by a pediatrician) rather than an objective assessment of the outcome by a health professional. This subjective approach to reporting outcomes may bias the outcomes; though the authors noted that this would not introduce differential reporting between groups. As patients and the parents were blinded to the treatment group, they would unlikely be influenced differently between groups in their outcome reporting (i.e., the assessment of outcomes is equally flawed across groups). The study reported that approximately 20% of diaries were not returned by parents which may impact the validity and interpretation of results. Furthermore, the authors undertook a post-hoc analysis for both groups regarding the duration of local skin reaction and this analysis was considered justifiable as this outcome was unspecified before the data was seen. 8 These terms and conditions cover all sales of products and services by VWR International Ltd (VWR) in the United Kingdom and any information and advice given whether charged for or not, unless otherwise agreed by VWR in writing. These terms and conditions apply to the exclusion of any other terms submitted by the customer or which are implied by any trade, custom, practice or course of dealing. Customer Accounts

Any liability accepted by VWR under this contract is in lieu of any terms implied by law as to the quality or fitness for any particular purpose of the products and/or the standard of the services and all such implied terms are, to the fullest extent permitted by law, excluded from the contract between VWR and the customer. The customer shall indemnify VWR against any claims made against VWR by the customer’s employees, contractors or agents. Intellectual property rights