CALLED to Pray: 52 Devotions & Prayers for Women

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Time for dhuhr and asr prayers overlap, but the zuhr prayer must be offered before asr, except the time about 10 minutes before sunset, which is delegated exclusively to asr. For example, the Maghrib prayer can be performed at any time after sunset and before the disappearance of the red twilight from the west. There are varying opinions regarding the exact salah times, the schools of Islamic thought differing in minor details.

Sundial indicating prayer times, situated in the courtyard of the Great Mosque of Kairouan, Tunisia. a b According to Shia Muslims, Asr prayer and Isha prayer have no set times but are said any time starting from midday. This gives, in hours, the difference between Dhuhr time and when the sun is at altitude α {\displaystyle \alpha } . According to Imam Abu Hanifa, "Asr starts when the shadow of an object becomes twice its height (plus the length of its shadow at the start time of Zuhr). Per all major Jafari jurists, [ citation needed] start of asr time is about 5 minutes after the time of sun passing through zenith, that time belongs exclusively to dhuhr prayer.As a result, we have T F a j r = T D h u h r − T ( 18 ∘ ) {\displaystyle T_{\mathsf {Fajr}}=T_{\mathsf {Dhuhr}}-T(18

In addition to the above measures, to calculate prayer times for a specific location we need its spherical coordinates. The five intervals were defined by Muslim authorities in the decades after the death of Muhammad in 632, based on the hadith (the reported sayings and actions) of the Islamic prophet.Maghrib and Isha prayers must be offered before midnight, and the time for Isha prayer can start after Maghrib has been prayed, as long as no more light remains in the western sky signifying the arrival of the true night. t {\displaystyle \Delta t} and δ {\displaystyle \delta } denotes the equation of time term and the declination of the Sun for a given date, respectively. For the rest of Imams, "Asr starts when the shadow of an object becomes equal to its length (plus the length of its shadow at the start time of Zuhr).

Because the start and end times for prayers are related to the solar diurnal motion, they vary throughout the year and depend on the local latitude and longitude when expressed in local time. In the case that the mentioned time is reached, asr prayer should be offered first (ada - on time) and dhuhr (kada - make up, late) prayer should be offered after asr.displaystyle \lambda } and ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } are the longitude and the latitude of the considered point, respectively. The Isha'a or isha prayer starts at civil dusk when the darkness starts to spread across the sky, and lasts until nautical dusk when the western horizon gets completely dark and cannot be observed through naked eye. The Asr prayer starts when the shadow of an object is the same length as the object itself (or, according to Hanafi school, twice its length) [ citation needed] plus the shadow length at zuhr, and lasts till sunset. The first term is the 12 o'clock noon, the second term accounts for the difference between true and mean solar times, and the third term accounts for the difference between the local mean solar time and the timezone.