https://www.menopause.org/for-women/expert-answers-to-frequently-asked-questions-about-menopause/hot-flash-faqs-triggers-symptoms-treatments Find more facts about hot flashes in this fact sheet (PDF, 146KB) provided by the NIH-funded Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation. Nonhormonal medications to treat hot flashes

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Hormone replacement therapy may relieve many of the symptoms of menopause. However, oral HRT may increase the risk of breast cancer, stroke, and dementia and has other potentially serious short-term and long-term risks. [15] [16] Since the incidence of cardiovascular disease in women has shown a rise that matches the increase in the number of post menopausal women, recent studies have examined the benefits and side effects of oral versus transdermal application of different estrogens and found that transdermal applications of estradiol may give the vascular benefits lowering the incidences of cardiovascular events with less adverse side effects than oral preparations. [17] [18] Hot flashes affect about 85% of women during the years immediately before and after menopause. Menopause usually occurs around age 51, but hot flashes can begin as early as 2 to 3 years before the last menstrual period. Hormone therapy steadies the levels of estrogen and progesterone in the body. It is a very effective treatment for hot flashes in women who are able to use it. They can also help with vaginal dryness, sleep, and maintaining bone density. Women who use an antidepressant to help manage hot flashes generally take a lower dose than people who use the medication to treat depression. As with any medication, talk with your doctor about whether this is the right medication for you and how you might manage any possible side effects. Buyer beware: Unproven, nonscientific 'treatments' for hot flashes University of Glasgow (24 October 2007). "Doctors seek the key to understanding hot flushes". University News (Archive of news). University of Glasgow . Retrieved 19 April 2013.Estrogen is the most effective medication available to relieve hot flashes. Short-term use of low-dose estrogen may be prescribed, with or without progesterone. If a woman still has her uterus, estrogen is usually prescribed together with progesterone to decrease the small risk of uterine cancer. Estrogen used alone causes growth of the uterine lining. Adding progesterone prevents or decreases this growth, thereby decreasing the risk of developing uterine cancer. If your uterus was removed, then only estrogen is required. Engstrom CA, Kasper CE (March 2007). "Physiology and endocrinology of hot flashes in prostate cancer". American Journal of Men's Health. 1 (1): 8–17. doi: 10.1177/1557988306294162. PMID 19482779. S2CID 20123822. Lower your home thermostat to keep your house cool. At work, open a window or use a small portable fan. Harvard Women's Health Watch (August 2006). "What are bioidentical hormones?". Harvard Women's Health Watch . Retrieved 20 September 2014. Cut down on red wine, chocolate, and aged cheeses. They contain a chemical that can trigger hot flashes by affecting the brain's temperature control center.

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Nissan HP, Lu J, Booth NL, Yamamura HI, Farnsworth NR, Wang ZJ (May 2007). "A red clover (Trifolium pratense) phase II clinical extract possesses opiate activity". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 112 (1): 207–10. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.02.006. PMID 17350196. Your body temperature can also rise several degrees during a hot flash. This rush of heat can make you feel very uncomfortable. Messina M, Hughes C (2003). "Efficacy of soyfoods and soybean isoflavone supplements for alleviating menopausal symptoms is positively related to initial hot flush frequency". Journal of Medicinal Food. 6 (1): 1–11. doi: 10.1089/109662003765184697. PMID 12804015. Bunyavanich S (6 June 2007). "Low Testosterone Could Kill You". ABC News. ABC News Internet Ventures . Retrieved 20 April 2013.Researchers do not know exactly what causes hot flashes. Current theories suggest hot flashes are due to a menopause-related drop in the body's level of female hormones called estrogens. This drop affects the hypothalamus, an area of the brain that regulates body temperature. Some menopausal females may experience both standard hot flashes and a second type sometimes referred to as "slow hot flashes" or "ember flashes". The standard hot flash comes on rapidly, sometimes reaching maximum intensity in as little as a minute. It lasts at full intensity for only a few minutes before gradually fading. More so, rampant cases of indecent acts and public humiliation aired as swimmers were allegedly gropȇd and even stripped by male swimmers who dominated the pool areas. Victims shared that they were either splashed repeatedly with water or intentionally pulled down to the extent of being drowned while being touched in their private areas. Menopausal women who have more hot flashes have a higher risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. [38] See also [ edit ]