Fraser RDB, Macrae TP, Rogers GEA (1972) Keratins: their composition, structure, and biosynthesis. Springfield, Ill.: Charles C. Thomas Once you’ve had a keratin treatment, you’ll want to keep your hair looking and feeling softer and more manageable for as long as possible, so take care of it well, and the effects could last for up to 4 months. Tip: you can also help extend the life of a keratin treatment by opting for a sulphate-free shampoo. Is it safe? Tinoco A;Gonçalves J;Silva C;Loureiro A;Gomes AC;Cavaco-Paulo A;Ribeiro A; (n.d.). Keratin-based particles for protection and restoration of hair properties. International journal of cosmetic science. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30047992/

Type II Keratin - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics". www.sciencedirect.com . Retrieved 2023-03-28. The keratin treatment isn’t shampooed out. It coats your hair and it smooths everything out,” explains Dr. Vij. “And then the heat seals it, or cures it, to help restore that outer layer to a glossy, shiny, smooth texture.” How long does a keratin treatment last? Abnormal growth of keratin can occur in a variety of conditions including keratosis, hyperkeratosis and keratoderma. Apart from epithelial keratins, trichocytic keratins (or hard keratins) are found in epidermal appendages and are further classified into α-keratins (found in hair or wool) and β-keratins (found in avian feathers and reptilian tissues) [ 45]. Moreover, comparisons between the amino acids sequence of trichocytic α-keratins (e.g., sheep’s wool) and the epithelial cytokeratins showed that they are homologous in the α-helical rod domain, but they differ considerably in the head and tail domains. During development, the hair follicle germ-cells derive from the fetal epidermis. Therefore, it is important to establish whether the expression of epidermal-type cytokeratins is continued in the cells of the bulbar follicular base that are involved in hair formation [ 46]. It should be mentioned that hard keratins are a distinct sub-family of keratins having a higher sulfur content due to a larger proportion of cysteine residues in their primary sequences [ 43, 45, 46, 47]. If a person has a condition that causes lesions that are removable, such as warts, they should see their doctor, nurse practitioner, or physician assistant who can “freeze” a wart or use a laser to vaporize it.Dhouailly D, Cong X, Manabe M, Schermer A, Sun TT (1989) Expression of hair-related keratins in a soft epithelium: subpopulations of human and mouse dorsal tongue keratinocytes express keratin markers for hair-, skin- and esophageal-types of differentiation. Exp Cell Res 181:0–158 Keratin is a protein that can be found in your hair, skin and nails – in fact, your hair is composed primarily of keratin (approximately 95%). It helps both to protect the outer layer of each of your hair strands, as well as give them strength from an inner core within. But when your hair suffers any damage – either physically, chemically or from environmental factors like the sun – it loses some of its natural keratin, which exposes the hair’s cortex, leaving it weaker and more prone to additional damage. So, how do keratin treatments work? Relaxer treatments often contain strong alkaline substances such as sodium hydroxide. What hair issues do a keratin treatment target? Keratin biomaterials have been in use for decades, yet they are seemingly new to the field. Keratin is a global class of biological material, which represents a group of cysteine-rich filament-forming proteins [ 1, 2]. It is the major component of hair, wool, hooves, nails, feathers, and horns are one of the most abundant and underexploited protein sources [ 3]. Their complex hierarchical structure, such as filament-matrix composition at nano-level and polypeptide chains, create a robust wall for protection against heat stress, pathogen invasions (particularly through the skin), and mechanical damage [ 1, 2, 4]. Keratins and keratinous materials are subdivided into two different classes of secondary structures of protein: alpha ( α)-keratin and beta ( β)-keratin [ 4]. Moreover, keratins are the protein that forms a shielding layer for the epidermal appendages and, thereby, imparting an important role in protection. Keratin genes account for most of the intermediate filament genes in the human genome, making up the two largest sequence homology groups: keratins type I, also called acidic keratins; and keratins type II, called neutral-basic keratins [ 1, 2, 4]. Omary, M. Bishr; Ku, Nam-On; Strnad, Pavel; Hanada, Shinichiro (1 July 2009). "Toward unraveling the complexity of simple epithelial keratins in human disease". Journal of Clinical Investigation. 119 (7): 1794–1805. doi: 10.1172/JCI37762. PMC 2701867. PMID 19587454.

Alibardi, Lorenzo (September 2016). "Sauropsids Cornification is Based on Corneous Beta-Proteins, a Special Type of Keratin-Associated Corneous Proteins of the Epidermis". Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution. 326 (6): 338–351. doi: 10.1002/jez.b.22689. PMID 27506161. A keratin treatment before and after may surprise you with how sleek and shiny your hair is. And those results can last about six months if you don’t wash your hair too frequently. Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We avoid using tertiary references. We link primary sources — including studies, scientific references, and statistics — within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. Fraser RDB, Parry DAD (2011) The structural basis of the filament-matrix texture in the avian/reptilian group of hard β-keratins. J Struct Biol 173:0–405Hieronymus TL, Witmer LM, Ridgely RC (2006) Structure of white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) horn investigated by X-ray computed tomography and histology with implications for growth and external form. J Morphol 267:1172–1176 a b Schweizer J, Bowden PE, Coulombe PA, etal. (July 2006). "New consensus nomenclature for mammalian keratins". J. Cell Biol. 174 (2): 169–74. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200603161. PMC 2064177. PMID 16831889. In particular, keratin helps make the cells in hair, skin, and nails stronger and more resilient and helps reduce damage to the tissues from friction. Treatments for hyperkeratosis depend upon what form a person has. Both at-home and medical treatments exist for hyperkeratosis.