Inorganic chloramines comprise three compounds: monochloramine (NH 2Cl), dichloramine (NHCl 2), and nitrogen trichloride (NCl 3). Monochloramine is of broad significance as a disinfectant for water. [3] Organic chloramines [ edit ] N-Chloropiperidine is a rare example of an organic chloramine. [4] Chloramine-T is often referred to as a chloramine, but it is really a salt (CH 3C 6H 4SO 2NClNa) derived from a chloramine. [5]

Chloramines refer to derivatives of ammonia and organic amines wherein one or more N−H bonds have been replaced by N−Cl bonds. [1] [2] Two classes of compounds are considered: inorganic chloramines and organic chloramines. According to American guidelines by EPA, drinking water that is treated with chloramines can contain a maximum amount of 4 mg/L Cl 2. (National Primary Drinking Water Regulations EPA, 2002)Q: I have to remove chlorine & chloramine from my tap water so why am I now adding it in with these products? A: Although they share very similar names, chloramine and chloramine T are in fact very different compounds and have quite different properties. Disinfection byproducts Types of disinfection byproducts Research on health effects of disinfection byproducts Kusuri Chloramine T is a powder based treatment against Gill Flukes, Body Flukes, White Spot, Costia and Bacterial Gill Disease, as well as the reduction of pathogenic bacterial levels.

Tert-butyl hypochlorite can be used instead of bleach: [7] R 2NH + t-BuOCl → R 2NCl + t-BuOH Swimming pools [ edit ] It converts iodide to iodine monochloride (ICl). ICl rapidly undergoes electrophilic substitution predominantly with activated aromatic rings, such as those of the amino acid tyrosine. Thus, chloramine-T is used to incorporate iodine into peptides and proteins. Chloramine-T together with iodogen or lactoperoxidase is commonly used for labeling peptides and proteins with radioiodine isotopes. [6] Certifications [ edit ]sterilizer, antiseptic, disinfectant, and chemical reagent in the medical and pharmaceutical fields. Uses The European drinking water guideline does not contain standards for chloramines. When chloramines are used, few disinfection byproducts, such as trihalomethanes, are formed. However, other disinfection byproducts can form. Examples are toxic halonitrils (cyano chloride), halonitromethanes (chloropicrin) and other nitrogen-rich compounds. Some of these compounds can endanger human health. When the European Drinking Water Directive is revised, standards for these compounds will be added. Drinking chloramine-containing water or using it for boiling and bathing is safe, because of a neutralization of chloramines in the metabolism. However, people with weakened immune systems, such as young children, elderly people, people with HIV and people that undergo chemo therapy, should also be cautious when it comes to the use of chloramine disinfected water.

Your dosage depends on your pond or tank size, the water quality parameters, and the fish species that are present as some may be more sensitive than others (rainbow trout, for example, are more tolerant to chloramine-t than, say, goldfish or koi ( 2)). Chloramines do not alter the pH of the water. Chloramines provide a better taste and smell than chlorine. Chloramines are often applied to prevent a chlorine taste or smell. Ura, Yasukazu; Sakata, Gozyo (2007). "Chloroamines". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi: 10.1002/14356007.a06_553. Herranz, Eugenio; Sharpless, K. Barry (1983). "Osmium-catalyzed Vicinal Oxyamination of Olefins by N-chloro-N-Argentocarbamates: Ethyl Threo-[1-(2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethyl)]carbamate". Org. Synth. 61: 93. doi: 10.15227/orgsyn.061.0093. Chloramines remain active in the water system for a considerably long period of time. Like other molecules, chloramines contribute to the total amount of dissolved solids in the water. Like chlorine, chloramines are selectively reactive and may have damaging affects when they remain in the water for too long.Kusuri Chloramine T can be used for the treatment against White Spot, Costia and bacterial Gill Disease, as well as the reduction of pathogenic bacterial levels. Dosage: 5g per 1000 gallons (4564 Litres) of pond water. Dosage to reduce pathogenic bacterial levels in pond water. Repeat after 24 hours for a maximum of 5 days. In Massachusetts, research has been carried out to bring to light the death causes of people that used water disinfected by chlorine or chloramines. The results show that the number of people dying from bladder cancer was higher when the water was chlorinated. When water was disinfected by chloramines, people were more likely to die from pneumonia or flues. This may show that chloramines are less effective than chlorine for the elimination of pathogenic microorganisms.